Make Failure Boring with Mocks
Every codebase has a failure path nobody has run. Not through laziness, but because reproducing it requires a backend dependency to misbehave on cue. In the package notifier, the carrier must refuse, stall, or return nonsense at the exact moment the test runs. So the retry logic ships unverified and everyone hopes. The seam from post 2 already gives the test control. A seam is a place where you can change what code does without editing that code.